Emergency care

• Fever (-38°C / 100.4°F) or higher in infants less than 3 months old; children with immune system problems or complex chronic health problems; child is very sleepy or difficult to wake despite fever medicine
  
  
• Breathing problems including respiratory distress (working hard to breathe, breathing faster than normal, pale skin, whiteish or blue lips); asthma or wheezing not responding to usual puffers
  
  
• Vomiting or diarrhea in infants less than 3 months, child with repeated vomiting and unable to keep any liquids down for more than 8 hours, vomiting or diarrhea containing large amount of blood, signs of dehydration with dry mouth or no urine more than 8 hours
  
  
• Injuries such as:
  • Head injury with severe headache, loss of consciousness (passing out), confusion or repeated vomiting
  • Cuts that may need stitches, bleeding that won't stop
  • Burns that blister and are larger than a Loonie
  • Injury to arm or leg causing large swelling or inability to use the limb, obviously broken or dislocated bones
  • Eye injuries
  • Injury causing chest or stomach pain
    
    
• Rash with fever that looks like tiny or expanding bruises
  
  
• Sudden weakness or difficulty talking
  
  
• Severe abdominal pain

• Fever in healthy and vaccinated babies and children who appear generally well and playful when the fever is down with ibuprofen (Advil®, Motrin®) or acetaminophen (Tylenol®, Tempra®). Most fever in children is due to viral infection and lasts 3-5 days.
  
  
• Symptoms of the 'common cold' including nasal congestion and cough (even if it interrupts sleep), mild asthma or wheezing that responds to usual puffers.
  
  
• Vomiting or diarrhea less than 3-4 times a day if child is peeing well; ongoing diarrhea from the  ‘stomach flu’ can last for up to two weeks.
  
  
• Injuries such as:
  • minor head injuries (with no loss of consciousness, no confusion and no vomiting)
  • scrapes and bruises where the injured part can still be used
  • Sprained ankle if child is still able to walk, even if limping
    
    
• Recurring rashes or skin problems; rashes with cough and cold symptoms if the child looks well, mild hives without difficulty breathing or throat/ tongue swelling.

Alternative options in the community

HEALTH 811
Want to talk with someone?
Call Health811 (dial 8-1-1) to speak with a nurse 24/7.

EAST OTTAWA KIDS CARE CLINIC
www.eastottawakids.com
613-566-4470

KIDS COME FIRST CARE CLINIC
https://www.kidscomefirst.ca/
For individuals 2 months and older.
613-737-7600 x4013

EAST REGION VIRTUAL CARE CLINIC
For all ages.
www.virtualcareontario.ca
1-888-684-1999

RENFREW COUNTY VIRTUAL TRIAGE AND ASSESSMENT CLINIC
Services in English only.
Individuals aged 2 years and older.
rcvtac.ca
1-844-727-6404

As soon as possible, you and your child will be brought to an exam room where a team of doctors and nurses will care for your child. If your child needs blood tests, X-rays or other tests, it may take an hour or more to get the results. Please be patient. You may be asked to return to the waiting room during this time.

A parent or guardian must stay with his or her child at all times.

If needed, you'll be given printed instructions once your child is ready to leave. These instructions have information on how to care for your child's illness or injury and will tell you about follow-up care. We send a copy of the record from the visit to your child's primary care provider to explain to the provider what was done for your child and what was recommended.

We ask that you do not call the Emergency Department for your child's test results.

CHEO has specially trained nurses who will follow up with you if it is required for such items as:

• abnormal laboratory results
• some X-ray reports
• other follow ups with specialty clinics both within and outside of CHEO

After triage, you usually go to the registration area. The clerk will ask you questions, such as your address, your telephone number and the name of your family physician. It is important to give complete information. You will be asked for your Ontario or Quebec health insurance card, or other health insurance information if you are visiting from another jurisdiction.

To make sure we are always putting safety first and minimizing any chance of transmission of infections, please use our quick and confidential illness self-screening tool if you have symptoms or may have been exposed to viral illnesses like cold, COVID, flu or measles.

It will guide you on what to do next and help keep everyone at CHEO safe.

Illness self-screening form

Upon your arrival in the Emergency Department, you will be welcomed by a triage nurse, whose responsibility is to prioritize care for patients. The Emergency Department does not function on a first come first serve basis. Policy is that the sickest patients are seen first. Triage is a dynamic process.

The process of triage is one of sorting and involves the assessment of patients through a brief interview to obtain a history, and perform a brief physical assessment. The pediatric assessment triage includes assessment of the child/youth's appearance, work of breathing, circulation and mental health status.

Triaging involves communication with patients/families regarding priority of care and treatment, notifying patients of potential delays, reassessing waiting patients, and instructing patients and families to notify the triage nurse if there is any change in the child/youth's condition. It is important to note that waiting times will vary and the staff is not able to provide you with a time frame of how long you will wait as there are many variables that may occur without advanced warning. Please appreciate that they continuously evaluate the status of patients and availability of staff and always try to provide the best and earlier care possible.

Reference: Canadian Pediatric Triangle and Acuity Scale, Implementation Guidelines for Emergency Departments, Canadian Journal of Emergency Medicine, October 2001. Vol. 3 No. 4

Parent, caregiver and visitor presence policies

Please review the following information before arriving at CHEO.

Parents and caregivers are important members of the care team. They actively work with us to provide vital health information only they know and give emotional support in the way only a parent or caregiver can.

For infection prevention and safety reasons, we have limits on how many parents, caregivers and visitors can be onsite at one time. We also limit the number at the bedside.

We appreciate your patience and understanding in keeping everyone safe, particularly during the peak viral season.

Allowed number of parents, caregivers and visitors

Last updated: March 2026

Emergency Department visits

• ONE parent or caregiver is permitted to accompany children and youth while at CHEO's Emergency Department.

Staying at the hospital (admitted to CHEO's inpatient units)

• A maximum of TWO parents or caregivers are permitted at the bedside at a time. 
• Only ONE caregiver of immediate family can stay overnight.

Visitors

• During non-peak viral season, visitors are permitted with a maximum of TWO at the bedside.

Exceptions to these rules

We recognize that some families (e.g., people with disabilities) require additional support to help the patients, parents or caregivers. If you are coming to Emergency, please discuss your need for an exception upon arrival at CHEO Emergency. If you are staying as an inpatient, please discuss this with your care team.

You will be asked to wait in the waiting room if an exam room is not available. The triage nurse may recommend that you not to give your child anything to eat or drink while waiting, if it is believed some specific tests will be involved. Please follow these instructions.

The length of time your child's wait depends on several factors, including the significance of the illness or injury, availability of medical and nursing staff, availability of treatment room, and acuity and/or volume of patients in the department.

There are several areas where you may be directed to wait, including the main waiting room, an acute care treatment room, an isolation room, and the ambulatory zone (AZ).

Usually, the ED is busiest during the evening hours. Please be aware that even though the department might appear quiet, there could be very sick children being cared for in acute care rooms.

Bring your health card (OHIP or RAMQ). There are many specialty services at CHEO and often children are prescribed equipment or medications, which may not be immediately accessible. If your child requires hospitalization or is required to stay at CHEO, it would greatly assist his/her care if you bring any specialized equipment or medication with you.

To help us care for your child and prevent disruption to your child's routine, please bring any of the following that your child may need:

• medical equipment used by your child
• current, labeled medications
• specialized formula your child is taking
• any tubes or devices needed to care for your child

In addition, be sure to bring your own books, toys and snacks to keep your child busy while you wait. To prevent the spread of germs between children, we have removed all the books and toys from our waiting rooms.

Please ask any of the health care staff before giving your child anything to eat or drink, in case a special test (requiring an empty stomach) may be needed.

The following are suggestions which may help you decide how to manage your child/youth's illness:

First decision: Do I consider this health concern severe, moderate or mild?

Severe

If this is an emergency (i.e. severe difficulty breathing) call 911.

Moderate

If child is looking unwell and I am concerned. My options are: to phone my family doctor or pediatrician, phone Telehealth or CLSC (Quebec). Is this requiring a visit to the Emergency Department or a community clinic? Do I need to call an ambulance or will I drive to the hospital?

Mild

Is this something I can manage at home on my own? (i.e. simple cold with no change in condition) Phone my family doctor or pediatrician, phone Telehealth (Ontario) or CLSC (Quebec) for advice.

Go to the Emergency Department. We will look after your child and the health card issue will be resolved once your child has been cared for.

Yes. In the event of an emergency, any infant/child/youth can be seen, regardless of where they are from.

You'll need to come to the emergency department if your child is:

• under 3 months and has a fever
• is very irritable or sleepy and doesn't improve with fever medication
• has trouble breathing
• has signs of dehydration, like dry mouth or is not peeing for at least 8 hours.
• has a headache or sore neck that does not go away with fever or pain medication.

You'll need to see your family doctor when your child:

• has a fever for more than four days
• is not getting better after one week of symptoms
• develops an ear ache

Nursing staff can provide rough estimates about waiting times, but please keep in mind that in the ED, the “first come, first served” rule does not necessarily apply. Urgent Cases, involving critically ill or injured children / youth (e.g. motor vehicle traumas, severe asthmatics, to name a few) take priority. Please be patient and you will be seen as soon as possible. Please notify an ED nurse if you feel your child/youth's condition has deteriorated while you have been waiting.

Try ibuprofen first, and then acetaminophen if the ibuprofen does not help. Ibuprofen and acetaminophen can make your child more comfortable by bringing down the fever a little. Most children will not need to have both medications.

When your child has a fever:

• try ibuprofen first, as it works better for most children
• if your child does not improve one hour after ibuprofen, you can try acetaminophen
• if your child has a fever due to chickenpox, use acetaminophen instead of ibuprofen 
• do not use aspirin

Visit the Childhood Asthma website.

No, never give or share a prescription medication that is not specifically prescribed to your infant/child/youth. See your physician.

For CHEO diabetes patients there is a 24 hour Hotline number: 613-737-7600, press 0 immediately to reach the operator.

The on-call diabetes physician is available for urgent medical advice (for example illness, insulin errors, severe hypoglycemia). Note: this is not for routine insulin adjustments.

If your child is not a CHEO diabetes patient, you can call your child's physician or Telehealth Ontario (1-866-797-0000).

Telehealth Ontario is a free, confidential telephone service you can call to get health advice or general health information from a registered nurse 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. Visit the Telehealth Ontario website.

Following birth there are normal changes that your baby goes through, which may cause you concern. There are community resources which can help you in understanding your newborn's growth and development and which you can go to for information. You should address any immediate health concerns with your family doctor or pediatrician, who would be happy to answer any of your questions as well.

In Ontario, each city has a Health Department with a Public Health Nurse visiting program. In Ottawa it's known as the Healthy Baby Healthy Children's program and is located at 100 Constellation Cr. You may contact Ottawa Health Information at 613-580-6744; Toll free: 1-866-426-8885 or TTY: 613-580-9656 (text telephone for the hearing impaired) for more information. You may also contact Ottawa People Services at 613-580-6744 for more information. The La Leche League of Canada is a mother-to-mother network with over 40 years of history of practical breastfeeding and mothering wisdom. They can be reached at 613-238-5919. These programs provide resources, education and support for parents with respect to general baby care, safety and breastfeeding issues.

Emergency dental treatment may be rendered to a patient through CHEO's Dental clinic, during regular working hours of 8:45 a.m. to 4:30 p.m. After hours emergencies need to be assessed in the ED by an emergency physician who will determine whether a dentist needs to be called. There is also a 24-hour dental emergency number which you can call at 613-523-4185. In general, dental services are not covered by OHIP.

Visit the Telehealth Ontario website or call them at 1-866-797-0000. This is a 24-hour service provided to residents of Ontario. A registered nurse can answer your questions and direct you to appropriate resources. The Health Department also known as the City of Ottawa People Services has a Parent-Child Info Line which can be reached at 613-580-6744 extension 28020 and is operated to service the public from Monday to Friday from 9:00 am to 4:00 pm. This is a telephone health counseling service where you can obtain information about any health-related issue regarding adults and children from a Registered Nurse. You can call and get advice on such topics as:

• general health: adult/children
• speech and language concerns with your preschooler
• nutrition and healthy lifestyles
• smoking cessation
• injury prevention (such as car seat safety)
• prenatal classes

For Quebec residents there is the CLSC which can be reached at 8-1-1. Listen to the complete message for after hours services.